Punch or riveter.



No. 836,660. PATENTED Nov. 2o, 1906.

i s. s. GASKEY. PUNGH 0R R1vETER.

AYPLIOATION FIL'ED PEB. 7. 1903.

wml/I7 Wifnaooaa UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PUNCH OR RIVETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'Patentea'mm 2o, ieee.

Application filed February 7,1908. Serial No. 142.330.

ing thereto from said reservoir, provision be- -2 represents an end elevation of Fig. 1.

ing made for varying the pressure in the passage leading to said `riveting device from said reservoirand means being provided for eectively operating the riveting-ram simultaneously with the varying of the pressure in said reservoir., Y

It also consists of novel means for permitting the inlet of air to the oilreservoir and in the provisions of means for causing .the inlet to the riveting mechanism to always be beneath the surface of the oil in the oilrese1 lvoir in whatever position the riveter or punch may assume.

It further consists of novel details of con-l struction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

Fi re 1 represents a side elevation of a punc or riveter embodying my invention, the cylinder, reservoir riveting device, and their adjuncts being shown in section. Fig. Fig. 3 represents, on an enlarged scale, a sectional view of the oontrolling-vaive and its adjuncts, showing the position the parts assume when compressed air is admitted to the piston when in the position seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents a view similar to Fig. 3, but showingthevalve in reversed position. Fig. 5 represents a longitudinal sectional view of the main cylinder and its adjuncts, but showing the controlling-valve in a slightly different position from that seen in Figs. 1, 3, and 4. Fig. 6 represents a sectionallview of the stationary reservoir, showing a check-valve employed. Fig. 7 represents a sectional viewshowing another construction of the stationary reservoir located out of alinement with the cylinder.

Similar numerals of reference indicate correslponding parts in the gures.

eferring to the drawings, 1 designates theA riveting-hook, upon the. lower member of which is formed the lower die 2, the upper die. 3 beingcarried by the riveting-ram 4.

5 designates the main cylinder, having the head 6 secured thereto, said head being profided with the compressed-air inlet 7, wherec` amber 8, in which is contained the valve 9, which is preferably in the present instance ot the rotary type, although it will be apparent that other forms of valves may be used without departing from thespirit of my invention..

10 designates the valve-stem, which is operated by the lever 11.

It will be understood that when the piston 12 is in the position seen in Fig. 1 and it is desired to move said piston' forwardly or to the right the valve 9 must be turned into the position seen in Fig. 3, whereby live air is per# mitted to flow into the passage 13, thereby forcing the piston 12 and the intensifying-rod 14 carried thereby forwardly or to the right,

the motive iiuid is led to the valve chest or it being understood that immediatelybefore the movement ofthe' piston 12 lforwardiy or. to the right of the position seen in Fig. 1 eX- haust takes place through the port 15 and passage 16 by means of the groove 17 ot the valve," through the passage 18 and exhaustopening 19, to the atmosphere.

During the exhausting operation above described exhaust is permitted 4frornthe chamioer 19 of the pull-back cylinder 20, said eX- haust passing through the pipe 21 into they passage 22, whereby a communication is had with the passages 16, 18, and 19 above referred It will be apparent that the rod 14 has its extremity when the parts are in the positionseen in Fig.- A1 located Within the enlarged' chamber 23 of the reservoir 24, said chamber being filled with oil or other suitable liquid and having an outlet through the bushing or projection 25, which leads to the passage 26, which communicates with the riveting-chamf ber 27, within which is located the upper portion 28 ofthe riveting-ram a.

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29 designates the pull-back piston, formed onthe riveting-ram and adaptedto reciprocate within the chamber 19, said-chamber lhaving an exhaust-port 30 rlocated. in the up' per portion thereof. It will be understood" IOS that the pull-backpiston 29 and the rivetingram 28 are provided with suitable packing, whereby the requisite tight joints may be made.

y It will be apparent that during the movement of the red forwardly or to the right i upon the liquid in the passage 26 and chamber 27 and the ram 28 will be foreedforp wardly or downwardly on the rivet. 1

When the upper die 3, the'riveting-rani 4,

` and the pull-backV iston 29 are in their low- IVO est positions, it will be understood that tie piston 12 and rod 14 have moved to tile rigrt l of the position seen in Fig. 1, and to rest/ore 4 and the the parts to the position seen in Fig. 1 again it will only be necessary to turn the valve 9 into the position seen in Fig. 4, wnerefrom 1t will be apparent that the exhaust will take'- place through the passage 13, groove 17, passage 18, and port 19 to the atmosphere, and the live motive fluid entering the passage 16 will enter the port 15 and force the pist on to the left and will simultaneously lift the pullback piston 29 into its position seen in Fig. 1.

In the construction seen in Fig.` 5 I have `shown the valve 9 located in a slightly-differlent position from that seen in 1, 3, and orts and passages slightly changed; but deem it unnecessary to enter into a detailed description of the sanze, since the construction and operation will be familiar to those skilled in the art, as will be apparent from the description already given of igs.'3 and 4.

I desire to call especial attention to the features ofthe employment of the enlarged reservoir 2 4, whereby such a supply' of oil is always contained therein as will rise nearly to the level shown, approximately to the line 31, whereby the opening 34 ofthe passage 26, is always under the surface ofthe oil inwhatever position the riveter or punch mayassume.

I desire,ffurthe r, to call attention to the fact that the rod 14 is packed at the point 32 with a packing of such a-nature that ,a slight leakage of compressed air is permitted from the chamber 33 into the reservoir 23, said air exerting pressure upon the oilvlevel at substantially the line 31, whereby by virtue of the pressure on the 'oil the passage v.26 and the chamber 27 are always kept full of oil, as the riveting-ram 4y approaches the die 2 beforethe intensifying-rod 14 comes into ac'- tion.

Wall ,adjoining the cylinder 33 may also bey used to let air in'tothe chamber `23for the purpose above mentioned. The chamber 23 v i, also acts asa s ecies of trap for all air-buby bles, which mig t otherwise be caused to existl in the passage 26, and chamber 27,. asyis l evident.

v cause if Aany suchfshould be present the result would'be that a compressible medium.

A check-valve 36 anywhere sin: the' As is well known to those skilled-in theart,

would exist in said 'passage and chamber, thereby impairing' the efliciency of the device,

and it is imperative that a practically noncompressible medium should occupy saidpassage 26 and chamber 27. Y

- It will consequently be apparent that by permitting the slight leakage of com ressed air hereinbefore referred to into the c amber 23 a small body of air under pressure is constantl pressing upon the liquid in said chamber, w erebya species of trap is formed therein over the opening 34, leading to said passage 26, thereby preventing air from ever entering said passage so long as the level ofthe y oil is above said opening 34. y 4

In-prior devices with which I am 4familiar wherein it has been attempted to `utilize the .y

principle of av rod telescoping into a passage containing oil or other liquid the importance has not been appreciated of employing an enlarged reservoir containing a chamber,

such as 23, whereby an adequate supply of oil is always provided for the purposes'above set forth, and-it will be apparent that by the employment (of said enlarged reservoir 24, containing the chamber 23, I am enabled to .dispense with the employment of any auxiliary cylinders or oil-reservoirs extending in' proximity -to the main cylinder or in any other similar location, and I am also enabled to dispense with the employment. of diaphragms, springs, pistons, and other objectiona ble mechanism heretofore employed.

It will be apparent thatwhile I have shown the reservoir 24 as having the contour vpackings are easy of examination and the construction of the machine secures the maximum pressure on` a rivet with as little weight in the machine as is possible. It works rapidly, without shock or jar, is easy to handle,

andl gives a uniform pressure on every rivet.4 ow 1s given when using this machine,y

No b and-.therefore nocrystallization takes place upon the rivet when being driven. v

The riveter is suspended by a bail, which allows it tol be moved and operated in either a vertical or horizontal position. By changing the bail it can be used sidewise with equal facility. The operating --lever is so constructed and' connected that the'operator can control all movements of the riveter, whether standing at the side, back, or front of the machine.

By the use oil-.chambers and cylinders the operation of the machine invery cold weather and iny other places is permitted with no danger of freezing, which is notthe case in riveters of hydraric pressure alone.

the foregoing thaty of the hydrocarbon Huid in the IO-O of a hollow s here the same may be rectanble and can be filled with the oil.A

It will be apparent that -various changes may be made by those skilled in the art which will come within the scope of my invention, and I do not, therefore, desire to be limited to the exact construction herein shown and described.

In Fig. 6 -I have shown the reservoir 24 as provided with a check-valve 36, which opens inwardly, whereby it will be understood that a slight leakage of compressed air from the chamber 33 into the chamber 23 in the reservoir 24 is permitted through said check-valve in addition -to that through the packing 37. A. packing eifecting the purpose required is shown in Figs. 1 and 5. It will be understood that either theconstruction seen in Fig. 6 or in Fig. 1 may be employed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

In Fig. 7 I have. shown the reservoir 38 as located to one side of or below the cylinder 39 which latter may be provided with a rectilinear'head 40 instead of a curved head 4'1, as seen in Fig. 1.

42 designates the inlet the-passage which leads to the riveting device, it being understood that the extremity of the intensifyingrod 14 assumes substantially the position seen in Fig. 7 when its piston andthe rod are in their extreme left-hand position. It will be understood that the reservoir 38 is iilled with oil, as is also the connection 43, leading therefrom to the inlet 42, the 1lower portion 44 of the connection 43 terminating in proximity to the central portion of the reservoir 38. In order to provide for the admission of air to the oil or other liquid in the chambers or passages 38, 43, and 42, I provide a connection 45, which leads from theopening 46 around to the check-valve chamber 47, in which is located the check-valve 48, whose construction and method of operation will be -apparent from Fig. 7, whereby it will be seen that the required air-pressure is at all times admitted to the liquid in the chamber 38 and passages 43 and 42. It will be further understood that, if desired, Imay also employa plurality of such reservoirs.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desirev to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a riveter or-punch, a stationary noncompressible reservoir adapted to normally contain oil or other liquid and communicating directly withthe riveting-chamber, and having an outlet in proximity to the central portion of said reservoir, said outlet being normally always beneath the surface of said liquid, and means for admitting a slight leakpige pdf1 compressed air upon the surface Of said 2. In a riveter or punch, a stationary noncompressible reservoir adapted to contain oil or other liquid, a riveting device, an outlet leading from the central portion of saidreservoir directly to said riveting device, said outlet being ,always normally below the surface of said oil, and means for varying the pressure vupon said riveting device.

3. In a riveter or punch, a stationary noncompressible reservoir adapted to contain oil or other liquid, means for admitting air under pressure upon the surface of said oil, a rivetn ing device, an outlet leading from the central portion of said reservoir, directly to said riveting device, said outlet being always normally below the surface of said oil and means for. varying the pressure upon said riveting device.

4. In a riveter or punch,`a stationary noncompressible hollow reservoir adapted to be filled with oil or other liquid, a riveting device, means for admitting air under pressure to the surface of the oil in said reservoir, a passage leading directly to said riveting device, from the central portion of said reservoir, and means for varying thel pressure in said passage. f

5. In a riveter or punch,` an enlarged stationary non-coinpressible reservoir adapted to be filled with oil or other liquid, a riveting device, an outlet leading from the central portion'of said reservoir directly to said riveting device, a cylinder having a piston therein, an intensifying-rod secured to said piston and having its extremity adapted to' coact with the outlet from said reservoir, and means for controlling the movements of said piston.

6. In a riveter or punch, an enlarged stav tionary non-compressible reservoir adapted t0 be filled with oil or other liquid, a riveting device, an outlet leading from the central portion of said reservoir directly to said riveting device, a cylinder having a piston therein, an intensifying-rod secured to said piston and having its extremity adapted to coact with the outlet from said reservoir, and means for contro ing the movements of said piston, in combination with a pull-back piston on said riveting device and means vfor raising said pull-back piston, simultaneously during themovement of said 'piston away from said reservoir. r

7 In a riveter or punch, acylinder, a piston therein, a non-compressible reservoir at one end of said cylinder, adapted to contain oil or other liquid, a riveting-cylinder, arlveting-ram therein, an outlet from the central ICO portion of said reservoir normally always beone end of said cylinder, adapted to contain oil or other liquid, a riveting-cylinder, a riveting-ram therein, an outlet from the central ortion of said reservoir normally always beow 'the surface of said liquid and leading di- ,i tion of said reservoir directly to said riveting device, a cylinder having'a piston therein, an intensifying-rod secured to said `piston and having`its extremity adapted to coact with the outlet from said reservoir, and means for controlling the movement of said piston.

10. In a machine for riveting, a stationary,l non-compressible'reservoir adapted to con i tain a liquid, an outlet from said .reservoir constructed and arranged to be' always normally below the surface of said liquid and communicating directly with the rivetingchamber, said liquid being adapted to How through'said outlet, and means for causing a compressible fluid to contact with the Surface of said liquid.

11. In a machine for riveting, a riveting device, a stationary non-compressible reservoir adapted tocontain a liquid, means for causing a compressible Huid tov contact with the surface of said-liquid, and an Aoutlet for said liquid situated within said reservoir, said outlet being constructed and arranged to be always normally below and to be covered in all positions of the riveting device by said liquid.

12. In a machine for riveting, a riveting# chamber, a stationary, non-compressible reservoir adapted to lcontain a liquid, an outletpipe leading from said reservoir, the inlet to said pipe being always normally below the surface of .said liquid,7 and said pipe being in suitable communication with the rivetingchamber, said liquid being adapted to ilow through said pipe to saidriveting-chamber, and means for causing a compressible fluid to contact with the surface of ysaid liquid.

13. The combination of a-riveting device, a stationary reservoir adapted to containa liquid, means for causing a co-Inpressible iiuid to contact with the surface of such liquid, an outletl for such liquid within said reservoir constructed'andarranged to be always bemeans including the walls of said outlet for actuating the riveting device: v

14. In a machine for riveting, arivetingchamber, a stationary non-compressiblereservoir adapted to contain a liquid, a suitable communication between -said chamber and low and to be covered by 'such li `uid in all positions of the riveting device an coactingsaid reservoir, the intake of which is conl structed and arranged to be always and normally below the surface of said liquid, the latter being adapted to ilow from said reservoir to said riveting-chamber and -means for causing a compress'ible fluid to contact with the surface ofsaid liquid. A

15. In a machine for riveting a rivetingchamberand plunger, a stationary non-compressible reservoir adapted to 'contain a liquid, means for causing a-compressible fluid.

to contact with the surface of said li uid and an outlet from said reservoir to sai chamber, said. ontlet being constructed and arranged to be always normally below and to 'l 'be covered in positions of the riveting-machine by said liquid. i

Y SAMUEL S. CASKEY.

Wltnesses: A v JOHN A. WIEDERSHEIM,

E. HAYWARD FAIRBANKS. 

